Medications for IBD

The Hidden Struggle: Medication Access and Equality for IBD Patients

by Beamlak Alebel (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)

In the foreground is a graphic of a worried-looking young girl with medium-dark skin, braids, and an orange shirt. Behind her are transparent graphics of an intestine, medications, and other people feeling sick (one holds their stomach, another holds their head). The whole graphic has a dark orange filter.

Treatment is more than a diagnosis or a prescription — it’s about whether the medicine you need is available, affordable, and within reach. For many IBD patients, that uncertainty becomes a heavy burden. It’s hard to stay strong when your survival depends on something you might not find or afford tomorrow.

For me, the struggle is deeply personal. Every month, when it’s time to get my medication, I feel both guilt and sadness. I can’t ignore the heavy burden it places on my family. Watching my parents worry about how to afford my treatment hurts more than the illness itself, especially since the medicine is rarely available in public hospitals. Even though they never complain and always care for my feelings, I can see the stress in their eyes — the quiet fear of what might happen if one day the medicine becomes too expensive or unavailable. It’s painful to live knowing that your survival is also your family’s financial struggle. I wish the medicine could at least be less expensive and easily accessible everywhere, so no one would have to choose between health and hardship.

The world has powerful medicines with great potency — but what is the use of their strength if only a few can afford them? True progress in healthcare means making effective treatments available and affordable for everyone, not just for those who can pay the high price.

Access to medication is not a privilege; it is a lifeline. Yet in many places, that lifeline is fragile. I have seen patients lose hope — not because their illness defeated them, but because the system failed them. Seeing people treated as if their lives are less valuable simply because they are sick is one of the deepest pains a person can feel. It makes you question your worth. It makes you feel invisible.

But we are not invisible. We are fighters, dreamers, and survivors. Our illnesses may have changed our bodies, but they have not taken away our strength or our right to be seen, respected, and included.

Equality should not only exist in words or promises. It must exist in action — in how policies are written, in how medications are distributed, and in how people with chronic illnesses and disabilities are treated. I know how it feels to be looked at differently, to be judged for something beyond your control. What we have is an illness, not a choice.

Even in schools and health-related fields, there are times when lecturers or professionals do not fully understand what it means to live with a chronic condition. They see our physical state but not the strength it takes to show up, to keep learning, and to keep fighting. Being judged for taking sick leave or missing class because of health reasons can make a person lose hope. For now, we keep silent — but one day, we may speak as a volcano when the time comes. Because silence does not mean weakness; it means patience, and patience has power.

I dream of a world where no one loses hope because of a lack of medicine or misunderstanding — where being different is not a reason for exclusion, and where compassion leads policy and practice. Modern research is advancing, but true progress will come when every patient, everywhere, is valued equally — when access to care and empathy become rights, not struggles.

Advocacy is how we get there. By speaking up, sharing our stories, and reminding the world that every life matters, we turn our pain into purpose. Because in the end, access to medication and equality are not just medical or social issues — they are matters of dignity, compassion, and humanity.

Everything will change one day — the policies, the systems, and the hearts of people. Until then, we keep raising our voices, believing that our struggles today can open doors for those who come after us.

Going From 0 to 100: The IBD Rollercoaster

By Maria Mutka, N.C., USA

I was planning on writing this article about the meaning of IBD community support in my life. But as all IBDers and folks with chronic illnesses know, sometimes the best laid plans have to change based on how you're feeling. 

I recently had a wakeup call from my complacency during the longest remission of my life. My biologic medication has done such wonders for not only my daily quality of life, but the impact of my ulcerative colitis on my body. I will never forget my doctor's amazement at my last colonoscopy a couple years ago when they were unable to identify any active disease. 

When they said they could no longer see any ulcers, I was on cloud nine. Apparently, hundreds of ulcers that had taken root in my digestive system had vanished. A true miracle drug. Since I started my biologic medication a few years ago, I have had occasional hiccups, but my symptoms were 95% reduced from what they had been. 

Due to a switch in my modality of medication, from an infusion to an injection pen, I have had some delays in receiving the medicine, largely due to a lengthy prior authorization process (nothing new for many IBDers and folks with other chronic illnesses). Because of this delay in getting my treatment, I started experiencing my old pattern of symptoms, seemingly back with a vengeance.

Nausea, near vomiting, extreme cramping, frequently going to the bathroom - the works. Maybe it was just because I haven't had these symptoms in a while, but I truly felt the worst I have felt in a couple years - at my lowest of lows health-wise. 

This was undoubtedly compounded by my recognition of the precarity of my health, the delicate balance that my health rests on daily in managing my IBD that I had neither realized nor accepted. Just by going a week without my medication, slightly spicy foods that I have come to enjoy on occasion since my remission knocked me for a loop. Having these symptoms after being only seven days overdue for my medication put me in disbelief - how could my ulcers and inflammation be all gone, as my doctors had told me? My ulcerative colitis seems to have been barely there, perhaps hiding underneath the surface, waiting for one slip up or mistake in receiving my medication to rear its ugly head.

Now I can fully acknowledge that experiencing some of these symptoms for a little while is not much in comparison with what I've experienced in the past, or what others often go through. I am extremely grateful to have access to the medication I need to maintain my health and quality of life. But I cannot again take for granted how close I can be at any given moment to another flare. Even when I have been doing extremely well for several years on a medication that clearly is highly effective for me. 

These moments are important reminders of the truly unpredictable and chronic nature of the disease, and how, even when you are doing everything you can to maintain your health, it's ultimately not always up to you. It is, however, a lot easier to deal with emotionally if you take the journey one step at a time and prepare yourself to experience the one thing that IBD can predictably be: unpredictable.

Featured photo by Digital Buggu from Pexels.

When Medicine Helps but also Hurts: Biologic Drugs’ Side Effects

By Maria Mutka from NC, USA

The last thing out of the million concerns swirling around my mind while administering my newly prescribed biologic drug was the worry that I might have extremely uncomfortable and visible symptoms from my medication. Especially not when it was about a month and a half to two months after first injecting the medication when I noticed my first symptom: my hair falling out more than usual.  

I dismissed my hair falling out as a potential side effect of the flare that I had had earlier that year which led to the medication change. I had gone from mesalamine to prednisone to budesonide treatments over a period of months, all to no avail. It was the second semester of my first year of college, and all I wanted was a little bit of stability while I settled into college life. Instead, I was occupying the one private bathroom in my dorm constantly or running as quietly as possible to the public bathroom on my floor in the middle of the night. 

I had doubts at the beginning of the school year about whether college could be viable for me. I was pleasantly surprised during my first semester when my symptoms quelled, and I made good grades and new friends. I rode that high into my second semester feeling like I had things relatively under control. That all came crashing down very quickly.

When my gastroenterologist prescribed me a biologic drug, it was nerve-wracking to hear the potential side effects and impact the drug could have on my body, particularly my immune system. At that point, however, I was ready to try anything to get back to a relatively “normal” baseline. After my first few injections, I felt relieved to notice that my symptoms were calming down. 

While I was feeling better, I started to notice clumps of hair appearing on the floor or in the shower. It was easy enough to dismiss that. I had summer classes to focus on and my hair was the least of my worries. Then I noticed some sores and psoriatic plaques on my scalp that were irritating and uncomfortable, but nothing I still couldn’t ignore. When I thought about it more, however, it was a headscratcher. I hadn’t changed detergents or personal care products, so if I was having an allergic reaction the cause was not obvious.

Then came the symptom that was a bit harder to ignore: small abscesses appearing on different areas of my body. I went to the university health clinic several times to have them drained. My providers acknowledged that these did not just appear to be in-grown hairs or a reaction to the intense summer heat. There was something more going on.

After getting a couple of these abscesses, I began to think more critically about my new medication. That was the one new factor in my life. My food, personal care products, and surroundings had largely remained the same. 

As I returned to college for my sophomore year, I hoped the fall weather would help cool this strange reaction that was taking place in my body. Almost immediately when the semester started, my whole body broke out in a strange, blotchy rash. My eyes were swollen but I had no other symptoms that indicated anaphylaxis such as my throat closing or shortness of breath. 

After this last episode, when no provider could come up with an explanation for my odd progression of symptoms, my gastroenterologist took me off the biologic drug I had been taking. Fairly soon after that, things went back to normal. While my gastroenterologist would never say that the biologic drug caused the reaction, and it’s true that there’s no way to definitively establish a correlation between it and my symptoms, I can say that things only got better when I stopped that medication. Now I was back to square one, but at least with the knowledge that the biologic drug I had been on was not going to be the answer.

Most often, side effects or adverse events related to biologic drugs happen much sooner after medication administration than in my case. They typically also feature clearer signs of a reaction such as shortness of breath, chills, redness, itchiness, itchy eyes, or itchy lips. While these symptoms are fairly uncommon, rarer reactions can involve central nervous system disorders, cardiac issues, and Lupus-like syndrome. 

There can be a lot of fear built up around biologic drugs, however for many IBD patients they can work wonders. I’m on a different biologic drug now and have experienced the longest period of remission that I’ve ever had in my life. It’s an amazing feeling. 

Nonetheless, it is important to be on the lookout for side effects when starting any new medication. It might be easy to dismiss the list of side effects in tiny print on the medication safety sheet or as they are read out to you by a clinician, but it’s critical to be aware of when a medication may be harming rather than helping you. Stay vigilant for the first few weeks and even months of a new medication and keep track of how your body is feeling and reacting. Not every medicine may be right for you, and it’s important to let your provider know if you feel like your medication is negatively impacting your health. Even if you feel like there may not be a better treatment option out there for you, there are likely more options than you think. It is your provider’s job to work with you to find the treatment that best fits your body and your needs.


Source: Side Effects of Biologic Medications - Johns Hopkins (hopkinsarthritis.org)

A Breakdown of All the Medications, Treatments, and Supplements I’ve Tried

By Carina Diaz (Texas, U.S.A.)

I’ve tried a mix of conventional and holistic medicines over the years to try to find what works for my Crohn’s disease. Chronic and autoimmune illnesses can often feel like a never-ending journey of trial and error. Sometimes, a diet or medication can work for a short period of time, and then you have to pivot to something new. Below is a list of some of the medications and methods I’ve tried to treat my IBD.

A quick disclaimer: The purpose of my writing about what I’ve tried is simply to share my experience. I am in no way suggesting that there are right and wrong ways of treating IBD. Different things work for different people. 

Biologics: 

  • Humira: This is probably the most common medication for IBD. I had talked to my gastroenterologist about going on Entyvio, but my health insurance forced me to go on Humira first. If I “failed” it, then I could try the biologic that I wanted. Humira is a shot that you or a nurse can do in either the thighs or belly. The first round is four shots, and the device looks like a pen, so you don’t see the needle. A nurse helped me with this, and it stung like hell. The pain didn’t last long, but it was very intense. I felt very itchy all over my body for the next few days and in very random places like between my toes and ears. I was able to then move on to Entyvio since I had a reaction. I have heard from nurses that there is now a version of Humira that is “sting-free.”

  • Entyvio: This biologic is an infusion that was about one hour long. I didn’t get any side effects from it, but after trying it for a year and not seeing any change, I had to have another conversation with my gastro about what to try next. Fatigue was one of my biggest symptoms while I was on this, and it made me feel a little more tired after the infusion. 

  • Stelara: It’s a shot that’s in a typical syringe, but unlike Humira, it didn’t sting. I was never brave enough to do it myself, so I would go to the doctor’s office for a nurse to do it. It was quick and painless (for the most part). I didn’t feel tired after. In my opinion, seeing the needle makes it harder to be able to administer it yourself. 

  • Remicade/Inflectra: This is my current medication. I was put on Remicade in 2019. It’s a pretty popular biologic and has been around longer than Entyvio and Stelara. This is an infusion that takes about two and a half hours, but it depends on your weight. I had to switch to Inflectra in 2021, which is a biosimilar to Remicade, because of insurance. I also had to go through a lot of blood tests to figure out if the dosage was enough to make a difference. I used to have an infusion once every three months and now it’s once a month.

Pills:

  • Prednisone: I have been put on this WAY too many times to count. It’s a hospital’s go-to medication every time I’ve been admitted. For me, it was like going through puberty again. I was moody and it altered my body, especially my face. When I was on a high dose, all I could think about was burgers, specifically the ones from Freddie’s. I’ve heard that it’s common to have side effects once you’re weaning off of it, but I didn’t experience that. The only positive part of being on prednisone for me was that it gave me an appetite, and I was able to gain some much-needed weight back. It’s a short-term solution ,and I honestly hope to never be on it again.

  • Budesonide: I was put on this steroid for a few months after Entyvio. This had no effect on me, so I wasn’t on it for very long.

Diets:

  • Specific carbohydrate diet: This is a grain-free diet that has low sugar and lactose and was created specifically for IBD. From what I remember, there are two phases, and after you complete the first one, you’re already supposed to see a difference in the number of bowel movements in a day. I’ve tried this twice and it wasn’t helpful at all. 

  • Rainbow diet: It was all about eating more fruits and vegetables. I was at my sickest around this time and my body couldn’t withstand much fiber without causing pain, so I only tried it for a few weeks. 

  • Gluten, dairy, and soy-free: This one probably affected me the most negatively. I love pasta and cheese with my whole heart, and it was very difficult to cut those out. Vegan cheese has a particular smell that made it very difficult for me to want to eat it. Having to be this restrictive with food was not only time-consuming and expensive, but also boring and frustrating. All I could think about while I was on this diet was all the food I wasn’t allowed to eat. 

Holistic practices:

  • Colon hydrotherapy: I had this treatment done in college, and my only symptom at the time was bloating, but it was very severe. I would look several months pregnant. Colon hydrotherapy involves using water to flush out the large intestine. A tube was inserted into my butt so that water could flow through, and a medical professional would massage my stomach at the same time. I would have to go to the bathroom immediately after. I remember feeling much better, but I don’t think it helped with inflammation. 

  • Vitamin C IV drip: This had no effect on me whatsoever. 

  • Supplements: I’ve tried so many kinds from probiotics to powders, and I haven’t experienced any changes from them. I was taking these while I was really sick and going to the bathroom up to 20 times a day, so I wasn’t really absorbing anything I was ingesting. The only ones that I currently take that are suggested by my medical team are vitamin D and liquid iron. I’ve gotten very bad reactions from iron infusions.

This is not an exhaustive list, but it’s the majority of what I’ve tried. I will say that I’ve gotten to a point where I’m very cautious about holistic medicine. It has further complicated my relationship with food and my body. The practices also have less research than conventional medicine and aren’t regulated by the FDA. 

I really try to focus on listening to my body, which has taken years to learn. To be honest, food doesn’t really seem to help or hurt me. I’ve learned that my symptoms work in cycles and that stress management is important. Stress seems to be the biggest factor when it comes to going in and out of flares. 

When I was really sick, I was willing to try anything and everything under the sun to treat my IBD. I thought that remission not only meant that I would be symptom-free, but also free of medication, which is actually very rare. I’ve even gotten treatment in Colombia and Puerto Rico. While I’ve definitely been through trying to find what works for me, I am very fortunate to even have the option to try all of these things. Whether your IBD is mild or severe, I hope that you are gentle with yourself along the way. 

Biosimilars and My Experience with Them

By Varada Srivastava (India)

Information in this article is for educational purposes only. This article reflects personal experiences and is not meant to diagnose or treat any disease or illness. This article is not sponsored and you should consult with your medical professional about any information related to your medications.

Biologics are drugs derived from natural resources and manufactured by various biotechnology methods. They can benefit patients with rheumatologic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, malignant conditions, etc., by halting disease progression, alleviating symptoms, and improving quality of life. Biologics are one of the top-selling drugs worldwide. Still, the high cost of this drug is a major drawback, so it remains unaffordable and inaccessible to many patients. 1

Biosimilars are non-innovator or copy products of the original biologic drug. More notably, they are cheaper. The development of biosimilars allows for broader and necessary access to these medicines because of their lower cost and hence greater affordability. This improves cost-efficacy ratios and access to these drugs. India is one of the leading manufacturers of similar biologics. 1

Exemptia is a biosimilar of Adalimumab which often goes by the original brand name - Humira. Exemptia is a TNF inhibitor and anti-inflammatory drug manufactured and promoted by Zydus Cadila, in India. The dosage depends on the severity of the case.

I was prescribed Exemptia in 2016 when I was 16 years old. My first year with Crohn’s I was put on multiple medications, but none of them seemed to work for more than one month. Finally, after a year I was put on steroids (Budesonide). These came with their own set of issues but were able to manage symptoms for a while. Soon my body stopped responding to the steroids as well. The doctors and nurses had been extremely supportive and helpful but I was getting exhausted by the frequency of my hospitalization. I had missed 3 years of high school already and was wondering whether my life would ever go back to normal. The next step was either surgery or biologics. After a long discussion with the doctors and extensive pros and cons lists, my parents and I decided to give biologics a chance. That was the best decision we made, I was lucky enough to experience remission thanks to this medication.

Exemptia was relatively new at that time, having been released only a few years prior. Before starting the medicine, it was made sure all my vaccinations were up to date. CT scans & blood tests were done to eliminate the possibility of having any viruses or infectious diseases like TB. The first dose was 80 milligrams, and this was followed by 40 milligrams every two weeks. I have been on this medication on and off for six years. While hospitalizations were frequent during the first few years of starting this medicine, they have significantly reduced now. One of the biggest benefits I saw from this medication was that it brought normalcy back into my life.

I am now an undergraduate student and it's very important for me to stay on top of college deadlines, my biosimilar helps me achieve that. The administration of the injection is relatively easy as well since it's a subcutaneous injection or an injection under the skin. My recommendation would be to get a friend or family member to help because it does hurt while the medicine is entering the body. However, I have been lucky enough to not experience any side effects right after the administration of the injection like fatigue or soreness. Like any other medicine, there is a downside to this too, including recurrent infections and problematic storage conditions of the injection. The injection should always be kept at a temperature between 2-8 Centigrade (35-46 degrees Fahrenheit), which is rather challenging to do while traveling or living away from home. However, overall my experience with this medicine has been very positive despite its drawbacks.

Resource

  1. Meher BR, Balan S, Mohanty RR, Jena M, Das S. Biosimilars in India; current status and future perspectives. Journal of Pharmacy & BioAllied Sciences. 2019; 11(1): 12-15.

Photo by Damir Mijailovic from Pexels.